Atom Walk Through

The subatomic particles Atom Walk Through

The model's subatomic particles are constructed using an elementary strand shaped particle

In the Simple Universe model, the elementary strand shaped particle is a three dimensional particle, that moves continuously at a single constant speed, against a static universal reference frame, in three dimensional space

The elementary strand shaped particle has one interaction, touch at its surface

When a strand shaped particle encounters another strand shaped particle

The two particles stick together, and while in contact, they influence each other's direction of travel

With that interaction, the strand shaped particle builds the model's four base particles: the neutrino, electron, positron, 'neutral' particle - and these are then used to build the photon, proton, neutron, and then on to the atomic nuclei and atoms

The following animation shows a simple sequence of the elementary strand shaped particle, tagged one behind the other, building the four base particles: the neutrino, positron, electron, 'neutral' particle; the Particles button steps through the process, the Run button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)

Building The Four Base Particles

The Simple Universe model is based on the subatomic particles having a shape, a size, and a structure

In the Simple Model, the proton is a positron sandwiched between two of the 'neutral' particles

And the neutron is a proton with an electron embedded into the side of the proton

The following animation shows the shapes and structures of the model's subatomic particles, the Particles button steps through the particles, the Run button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)

The model's subatomic particles

Electric charge Atom Walk Through

In the Simple Universe model, each subatomic particle has a handiness that is either left-handed or right-handed

In the model, the left-handed subatomic particles are described as having positive electric charge

And the right-handed subatomic particles are described as having negative electric charge

Since the 'neutral' particle is a left-handed torus moving inside a right-handed torus, or vice versa, the 'neutral' particle has both positive and negative electric charge

In effect, all the particles are pieces of electric charge, including the 'neutral' particle, which is two equal pieces of positive and negative electric charge

Electric field particles Atom Walk Through

In the Simple Universe model, the constant speed of the head of the elementary strand shaped particle is greater than the constant speed of its tail

This causes each strand shaped particle to continuously extend itself, with the head of the strand shaped particle eventually breaking free, leaving the strand shaped particle with a new head that repeats the process

This leads to a stream of particles that exit from the front of a helix shaped subatomic particle, or from gaps on the surface of a torus shaped subatomic particle

These particles are the electric field particles

Each electric field particle has a helix shape that has the same handiness as its parent subatomic particle

The left-handed subatomic particles have positive electric charge, and produce left-handed positive electric field particles

And the right-handed subatomic particles have negative electric charge, and produce right-handed negative electric field particles

Discussed in the detailed requirements section, it is the escaping electric field particles from the torus shaped particles of matter - i.e. the electron, positron and 'neutral' particle - that causes the particles of matter to form to a fixed size, and therefore to a fixed amount of electric charge

Please note, the animations do not show the electric field particles exiting from the subatomic particles

Attraction and repulsion Atom Walk Through

In the Simple Universe model, the elementary strand shaped particle moves at a constant speed, which means that for a torus shaped particle of matter to move forwards

The perfectly round torus shape of the particle of matter has to distort

When a helix shaped electric field particle touches the surface of a torus shaped particle of matter

The touching surfaces are either, in some way, moving in the same direction, or are in some way, moving in opposite directions

This causes the touched surface of the torus shaped particle of matter to either stretch out or compress up

Causing the particle of matter to deform its torus shape, altering the balance of the particle of matter's internal movement

And the particle of matter moves

The direction in which the particle of matter moves

Depends on whether the particle of matter has the same or opposite handiness to the handiness of the electric field particle

A negative / negative interaction, or a positive / positive interaction

Causes the internal movement of the torus shaped particle, to bunch up on the side that is moving away from the source of the electric field particles

And the torus shaped particle as a whole moves away from the source of the electric field particles

Whereas a negative / positive interaction

Causes the internal movement of the torus shaped particle, to bunch up on the side that is moving towards the source of the electric field particles

And the torus shaped particle as a whole moves towards the source of the electric field particles

'Neutral' particle electric field particles Atom Walk Through

In the Simple Universe model, the 'neutral' particle is a left-handed torus moving inside a right-handed torus, or vice versa

This gives the 'neutral' particle both positive and negative electric charge

The positive and negative electric field particles emitted by the 'neutral' particle, have a long length to their helix shape

Whereas the electric field particles emitted by the electron, or the positron that is inside a proton, have a short length to their helix shape

Having two lengths of electric field particles makes no difference for their interactions with the particles of matter

But for light, it gives light a different behaviour in the two types of electric fields

The short electric field particles from an electron, or a positron that is inside a proton, are not able to change the path of light

But the long electric field particles from a 'neutral' particle can change the path of light, by wrapping themselves around a particle of light, causing the particle of light to arc along its body and change direction

When a long electric field particle wraps around the two helixes of a particle of light, one side of the particle of light is stretched, and the other side of the light is compressed

Causing the particle of light to arc along its body and change direction

When a long electric field particle is at right angles to a particle of light

The long electric field particle is not able to alter the direction of the particle of light

Note, neutrinos are not affected by electric fields at all

When a long electric field particle wraps around a neutrino, either all sides of the single helix neutrino are compressed, or all sides of the single helix neutrino are stretched

This leaves the direction of the neutrino unaltered by the electric field particle

The following animation shows the model's electron, positron, 'neutral' particle, neutrino and particle of light, interacting with the short and long electric field particles, the Interaction button steps through the interactions, the 01 input box lists the interactions for direct selection, the Run button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)

Electric Fields

Mechanism for mass Atom Walk Through

In the Simple Universe model, everything is constructed from the elementary strand particle

A particle that continuously moves at a constant speed against a static universal reference frame, in three dimensional space

The particles of matter are constructed as torus shaped particles

And their natural state is to be stationary with respect to the model's static universal reference frame

With the strand particles in a particle of matter moving at a constant speed, for a torus shaped particle of matter to move forwards

The internal strand particles of the particle of matter, have to bunch up on one side or other, distorting the particle's perfectly round torus shape

The following animation shows an electron and a proton in the model, changing shape when the particles move, the Move Forwards button starts the particles moving forwards, the Run button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)

Moving The Matter Particles

However, the strand particles inside a particle of matter stick together and continuously pull a distorted particle of matter back into its perfectly round torus shape

This gives a particle of matter a persistent resistance to being moved, with respect to the model's static universal reference frame

In the Simple Universe model, the particles of matter have the quality of persistent inertia, they have the quality of mass

But the particles of matter do not have the quality of momentum

The neutrino and particle of light are constructed as helix shaped particles

And the continuous constant speed of the strand particle gives the neutrino and particle of light a persistent forward movement

In the model, the neutrino and particle of light have the quality of persistent momentum

For a particle of matter in the model to gain persistent momentum

The particle of matter has to be pushed along by an attached particle of light

The following animation shows particles of light in the model attaching themselves to an electron and an electron pair, and pushing the electrons along, the Run button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)

Matter And Light

Discussed in the detailed requirements section, it is the escaping electric field particles from the torus shaped particles of matter - i.e. the electron, positron and 'neutral' particle - that causes the particles of matter to form to a fixed size, and therefore to a fixed mass

Please note, the animations do not show the electric field particles exiting from the subatomic particles

A simple atom Atom Walk Through

In the Simple Universe model, the atom consists of a positively charged atomic nucleus surrounded by negatively charged orbiting electrons

In the Simple Universe model, an electron orbiting the nucleus of an atom, is pushed around the nucleus by a particle of light that is attached to the orbiting electron

The positive and negative 'neutral' particle electric field particles, which are emitted by the 'neutral' particles that are in the protons and neutrons of the nucleus

Are long in length, and are able to wrap around the particle of light that is attached to the orbiting electron, and change the direction of the attached particle of light

Whereas the electric field particles emitted by an electron, or the positron that is inside a proton

Are short in length and are not able to wrap around a particle of light, and are not able to change the direction of a particle of light

In the model, the positive and negative electric field particles that come from the two 'neutral' particles that are in the proton, as a suggestion, are in the order of 450 times greater than the overall naked positive charge that comes from the positron in the proton

This causes the positive and negative 'neutral' particle electric fields, to dominate the behaviour of the particle of light that is attached to the orbiting electron

When the orbiting electron and its attached particle of light are moving towards the nucleus, or are moving away from the nucleus

The positive and negative 'neutral' particle electric fields, change the direction of the particle of light that is pushing the orbiting electron along, into a different direction to the direction that the particle of light is currently on

But the positive and negative 'neutral' particle electric fields are not able to change the direction of the attached particle of light

When the particle of light is moving at right angles to the electric fields

This leads to the particle of light that is attached to the orbiting electron, being directed onto a tangential path around the nucleus

The orbiting electron becomes directed into a potential well that sits at a distance from the nucleus, with the inner repulsive part of the potential well rapidly increasing when the electron nears the nucleus

The orbiting electron does not radiate its attached particle of light, because it is the attached particle of light itself, that is being directed around the nucleus

The above is an example of an atom that exists with particles

Atom Walk Through A simple atom

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