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The Stern-Gerlach
Experiment
Particles and spin
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Mechanism for quantum spin Particles and spin
The Standard model of particle physics models the subatomic particles as quantum waves that have a wave-particle duality and a quantum spin
Whereas in the Simple Universe model, the subatomic particles are ordinary non quantum particles
In the Simple Universe model, the elementary particle is a strand shaped particle and this is used to build the particles of matter as torus shaped particles
The following animation shows the shapes and structures of the model's subatomic particles, the button steps through the particles, the button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)
The Subatomic Particles
In the Simple Universe model, the elementary strand shaped particle is a three dimensional particle that continuously moves at a constant speed against a static universal reference frame, in three dimensional space
With the strand particles moving around a particle of matter at a constant speed, for a particle of matter to move forwards
The particle of matter's perfectly round torus shape has to distort, with the internal strand particles bunching up onto one side or other in the particle of matter's torus ring
The following animation shows the simple electron particle and proton particle changing shape when the particles move, the button starts the particles moving forwards, the button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)
Moving The Matter Particles
This alters the balance of the particle of matter's internal circular movement, and the particle of matter moves forward
With the plane of the particle of matter's torus ring pointing towards the direction that the particle is moving
In the Simple Universe model, a particle of matter can move freely in any direction that is in the plane of its torus ring by distorting the shape of its torus ring
But not so easily in the directions that are not in the plane of its torus ring
When a particle of matter changes direction to a direction that is not in the plane of its torus ring
Then the particle of matter has to change the plane of its torus ring to point towards the new direction
Since the Stern-Gerlach experiment changes the beam of electrons from moving horizontally, to moving vertically, i.e. a change in axis
This forces the electrons in the experiment to change the plane of their torus rings to point towards the vertical direction
(In the first version of the experiment, a beam of silver atoms was used rather than a beam of electrons)
The following animation shows the inhomogeneous magnetic field of the Stern-Gerlach experiment, changing the random vertical direction of the electrons in the Simple Universe model, to align with the vertical plane, the button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)
Stern-Gerlach Experiment
In the Simple Universe model, on entering the apparatus, the horizontally moving electrons have the plane of their torus rings in a random vertical orientation
But when the electrons are vertically deflected, the vertical deflection forces each electron to align the plane of its torus ring into the vertical plane, with two possibilities
Either the electron's now vertically aligned torus ring is spinning 'clockwise' with respect to the vertical plane
Or the electron's now vertically aligned torus ring is spinning 'anticlockwise' with respect to the vertical plane
This is why in the Simple Universe model, the magnetic field in the Stern-Gerlach experiment deflects each electron by the same amount
Either as a 'quantum amount down'
Or as a 'quantum amount up'
In the Simple Universe model, the cause of the electron's behaviour in the Stern-Gerlach experiment is the constant speed of the strand particles that are inside the electron's torus ring
As a note, the mechanism of a magnetic field is not included here, nor is analysis into the other variants of the Stern-Gerlach experiment
Here is an old video that discusses electron spin in the Simple Universe model
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Modern physics discussion on quantum spin Particles and spin
The approach of the Simple Universe model is to use words and three dimensional pictures to describe things, whereas modern physics uses equations and diagrams
The Standard model of particle physics models the subatomic particles as quantum waves that have a wave-particle duality and a quantum spin
For reference, here is the YouTube video (2018) taken from the Wikipedia article on the Stern-Gerlach experiment
Wikipedia animation of the Stern-Gerlach experiment
For reference, here is a YouTube video (2019) by Ryan Steinbach that discusses the Stern-Gerlach experiment
Discussion of the Stern-Gerlach experiment
0 minutes : introduction to electron quantum spin
30 seconds : description of the Stern-Gerlach experiment
1 minutes : detection of the deflected electrons
2 minutes : electron deflection is found to be only 'up' or 'down'
And a copy of an accompanying comment by Ryan Steinbach
Explaining why the result of the experiment isn't a case of the magnetic field twisting the orientation of the electron
Totally reasonable point. It turns out that spin is a little more complex than just a magnetic field. It can be better described as "intrinsic angular momentum"
I didn't have the time to get into this in the three minutes, but basically, we know that the orientation doesn't get twisted by the field
Keep in mind, too, that because of the stronger effect of the south magnet, if they were twisting / becoming magnetized by the field, pretty much every electron would go up. Only those facing directly against the field (of which there are likely few or none) would go down. This isn't what we see
That's not to say that measurement doesn't have an effect, just that it's not the effect you're describing
There's a great Looking Glass Universe video that I'll link to here that explains this in better detail
I encourage you to watch it as it addresses your point and helped me clear up some similar confusion!
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The Simple Universe
